Model Explorer

Six forecasts of the same weather and one measurement of it, drawn on the same frame and the same colour scale so they can be read against one another. ICON-2I is the national model — 2.2 km, run by ItaliaMeteo with Arpae on ECMWF boundaries, with its own assimilation of surface, radiosonde and aircraft data. MOLOCH is CNR's 1.2 km nest, the finest grid published free over Italy, and it resolves convection rather than parameterising it. WRF and WRF-DA are the CIMA and LaMMA chains, the second of which assimilates the Civil Protection radar. BOLAM is the 8 km synoptic frame across the whole Mediterranean.

Switching model holds the valid time, not the forecast hour. MOLOCH runs once a day at 03Z and ICON-2I twice at 00 and 12Z, so +12 h on one is almost never +12 h on the other; flipping between them shows a real disagreement between two forecasts of the same instant, rather than an artefact of comparing two moments on two different clocks. Every model here is hourly to the end of its own range.

Fields are drawn straight from ItaliaMeteo's published GRIB with no smoothing and no rescaling — colour ramps are pinned to absolute values, so a loop shows real intensity changes rather than a palette re-fitting itself each frame. The default tables are ItaliaMeteo's own, taken from the styles its map server draws with, and every other table in the network's collection is one click away. Temperatures are Celsius and winds metres per second, banded where ItaliaMeteo bands them. The wave and radar products arrive as published intervals rather than continuous values and say so in the readout. For warnings, the Protezione Civile and the regional ARPA bulletins are always the authority.